Electrical vs. Electronic Instruments

Despite the fact that both electrical and electronic instruments measure electrical quantities like voltage and current, they differ from each other in terms of the built-in features; for example, purely electrical instruments don’t possess any in-built amplifying device to increase … Read more

How to calibrate a dc voltmeter

An instrument may be calibrated by comparing its reading with that of a more accurate instrument when both are measuring the same quantity. The more accurate instrument is used as a standard for comparison purposes.

The figure below illustrates the … Read more

How to calibrate a dc ammeter

The figure below shows two dc ammeters connected in series, so that they are both measuring the same current.

DC Ammeter Calibration
Figure:  DC Ammeter Calibration

An ammeter may be calibrated by comparing it to a more accurate (standard) ammeter measuring the same … Read more

Digital vs. Analog Instruments

Electronic instruments mainly voltmeters used either transistor or vacuum tubes. The later one is called The Vacuum Tube Voltmeter (VTVM) and the former one is called the Transistorized Voltmeter (TVM). In almost every field of electronics, VTVMs have been replaced … Read more