Optimal control is whereby the requirements are formulated as either the minimization of a cost index or the maximization of a performance index of an operational control system.
Optimal control is utilized in a number of disciplines such as aircraft … Read more
AC generators can be utilized in high precision control systems. The AC generator rotor is rotated by the rotating shaft (i.e. the shaft from the motor being controlled). The output AC frequency is proportional to shaft speed. Zero crossings per … Read more
Basically sensor outputs can be categorized into two types: discrete also referred to discrete or logic and proportional also called analog. Discrete sensors supply a single logical output (1 or 0) e.g. a flow switch used … Read more
NAMUR NE 107 is a standard adhered to by manufacturers during the design and fabrication of instruments. NAMUR NE 107 provides status signals that communicate clear messages and remedies. These status signals or diagnostic codes are categorized into four standard … Read more
There are various types of instructions that are available in a PLC. The instruction set will vary depending on the brand and type of processor you are working with. For example, the classic Allen-Bradley … Read more
The input/output modules act as the signal interface between the monitoring sensors and actuators, and the controller. Additional they provide electrical isolation, if needed, to convert the input signals into an electronic format appropriate for evaluation by the … Read more
Programmable automation controllers (PACs) are process controllers with an open configuration and possessing the enterprise integration power of a PC-based structure. In other words, PACs are industrial controllers that combine the functionality of a programmable … Read more
Edge computing can be defined as a distributed computing framework that brings enterprise applications closer to data sources like local edge servers. In manufacturing, edge computing offers an effective processing and storage choice since intensive data handling and storage can … Read more
An actuator is normally controlled by the controller. The actuator, in turn, changes the output of an automated process. The actuator in an automated process may in actual fact be several actuators, each of which provides an output that … Read more
