Magnetostrictive sensors detect the location of a magnetic ring that slides along a conductive metal tube; in other words this sensor operation utilizes the effect of a magnetic field on magnetostrictive wire to function. The figure below illustrates a Magnetostrictive … Read more
Tag: instrumentation and control
How to Connect Discrete Sensors to PLC Inputs
Discrete Sensor Outputs
Basically sensor outputs can be categorized into two types: discrete also referred to discrete or logic and proportional also called analog. Discrete sensors supply a single logical output (1 or 0) e.g. a flow switch used … Read more
Photoelectric Pressure Transducer Operation
The photoelectric pressure transducer uses a phototube and a light source (either a stable source of light or ac modulated light) separated by a window, whose aperture is controlled by the force summing device of the pressure transducer as illustrated … Read more
Key Technologies used in Automobile Navigation Systems
Automobile navigation systems are essentially tools that aid the drivers in locating their destination. Modern automobile navigation systems are based technologies such as dead-reckoning, map matching, satellite positioning, proximity beacon and so forth. The map intelligent systems achieve high relative … Read more
Steam Conditioning Valves – Features, Advantages & Applications
The Work of Steam Conditioning Valves & Why they are used in Industrial Processes
Typically in an industrial set up, it may be necessary downstream of the main process application of superheated steam to reduce its pressure and temperatures to … Read more
Steam Traps – Basic Features, Types & Applications
A steam trap is a control valve whose basic function is to allow condensate to flow, while preventing the passage of steam until it has given up its heat by condensing back to water; in other words, a steam trap … Read more
Electronic IC Temperature Sensors
Electronic IC temperature sensors are specialized integrated circuits that are used for sensing temperatures in the -55° C to +150°C range.
Basic Principle of IC Temperature Sensors
The working principle of IC temperature sensors is based on semiconductor physics. When … Read more
CAMAC (IEEE-583) Modular Instrumentation Standard
The IEEE-583, IEEE-595, and IEEE 596 CAMAC (Computer Aided Measurement and Control) standards define a hardware and data transmission system which is used to house, support and communicate with various compatible instrumentation modules.
A typical CAMAC crate shown in Figure … Read more
Testing, Pre-commissioning & Plant Commissioning Requirements
Introduction
A new installation must be fully tested to ensure that the equipment is in full working order prior to its being started. This testing is typically divided into three phases:
- Pre-installation testing.
- Piping and cable testing.
- Loop testing or
What is the Function of a Steam Desuperheater?
Whereas superheated steam offers an excellent source of energy for mechanical power generation, in most cases, steam at greatly reduced temperatures, near saturation, proves a more desirable commodity especially for most heat-transfer applications. Precise temperature control is required to enhance … Read more