A cascade control system typically consists of a primary or master controller that generates a control function that serves as…
The figure below shows the control schemes applied to a direct-fired process heater. Fig: Combustion & temperature control on direct-fired…
Internally a PLC typically operates at 5 V dc. The external devices such as solenoids, limit switches, motor starters, etc.…
A computer is often used as part of a control system. The input data is typically from the operator’s commands…
Centralised control is usually carried out via computer software, having as inputs all the available sensors and producing signals for…
An actuator is normally controlled by the controller. The actuator, in turn, changes the output of an automated process. The…
In a process plant, we typically have a number of control goals that require different algorithms and types of information…
The function of the manipulating device is to influence the process variable. Its main purpose is to regulate a mass…
Analog signals pass continuously through a full range of values for example a measuring device converts the process variable (PV),…
When steam-heated reboilers are used in distillation columns and the heating medium is steam, a flow control loop for the…
