The block diagram below illustrates the basic elements of a minicomputer system for speed and voltage control as well as…
The increasing application of microcontrollers in low cost sensors and actuators has provided opportunities for adding diagnosis and configuration data…
Enclosures are designed to isolate apparatus from certain conditions. In addition they are used to protect personnel from unsafe, accidental…
The commonly used fieldbuses are: Ethernet TCP/IPModbusDeviceNetControlNetModbus TCPPROFIBUS-DPAS-I The Table below outlines the key features of popular Fieldbuses that are…
In many process control systems, microprocessor based programmable logic controllers are used for decision making due to the sophistication of…
Ethernet plays an important role as a communication platform for automation systems. The Key strength of Ethernet is in its…
Smart/Intelligent pressure transmitters are microprocessor-based, and they provide additional functional capabilities beyond their basic role of just sensing and representing…
Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communication protocol developed primarily for applications in the automotive industry. It is also…
The arrangement and connection of incoming and outgoing feeders in grid stations and substations and the number of busbars have…
Substations are the points in the power network where transmission lines and distribution feeders are connected together through circuit breakers…
